| Gemstone Name |
Specific Gravity |
Mohs Hardness |
Index of Refraction |
Gemstone Family |
| Achorite |
3.03 - 3.25 |
7.0 - 7.5 |
1.610-1.661 |
Tourmaline |
| Agate |
2.65 |
7 |
1.530 - 1.550 |
Quartz |
| Alexandrite |
3.68 - 3.78 |
8.5 |
1.746 - 1.755 |
Chrysoberyl |
| Almandine |
3.50 - 4.30 |
6.5 - 7.5 |
1.750 - 1.830 |
Garnet |
| Almandine Spinel |
3.58 - 4.06 |
8 |
1.708 - 1.735 |
Spinel |
| Almandine-Spessartine |
3.50 - 4.30 |
6.5 - 7.5 |
1.750 - 1.830 |
Garnet |
| Amazonite |
2.55 - 2.76 |
6.0 - 6.5 |
1.518 - 1.526 |
Feldspar |
| Amethyst |
2.65 |
7 |
1.532 - 1.554 |
Quartz |
| Andradite |
3.50 - 4.30 |
6.5 - 7.5 |
1.880 - 1.940 |
Garnet |
| Aquamarine |
2.63 - 2.91 |
7.5 - 8.0 |
1.567-1.590 |
Beryl |
| Balas Ruby |
3.58 - 4.06 |
8 |
1.708 - 1.735 |
Spinel |
| Black Opal |
1.98 - 2.25 |
5.5 - 6.5 |
1.440 - 1.460 |
Opal |
| Bloodstone |
2.65 |
7 |
1.535 - 1.539 |
Quartz |
| Brazilian Emerald |
3.03 - 3.25 |
7.0 - 7.5 |
1.610 - 1.640 |
Tourmaline |
| Cairngorm |
2.65 |
7 |
1.540 - 1.550 |
Quartz |
| Carnelian |
2.65 |
7 |
1.530 - 1.550 |
Quartz |
| Cat's Eye |
3.68 - 3.78 |
8.5 |
1.746 - 1.755 |
Chrysoberyl |
| Chalcedony |
2.65 |
7 |
1.544 - 1.553 |
Quartz |
| Chlorspinel |
3.58 - 4.06 |
8 |
1.712 - 1.717 |
Spinel |
| Chrome Pyrope |
3.50 - 4.30 |
6.5 - 7.5 |
1.730 - 1.760 |
Garnet |
| Chrysoberyl |
3.68 - 3.78 |
8.5 |
1.746 - 1.755 |
Chrysoberyl |
| Chrysoprase |
2.65 |
7 |
1.530 - 1.550 |
Quartz |
| Citrine |
2.65 |
7 |
1.532 - 1.554 |
Quartz |
| Color-Change Garnet |
3.50 - 4.30 |
6.5 - 7.5 |
1.730 - 1.760 |
Garnet |
| Demantoid |
3.50 - 4.30 |
6.5 - 7.5 |
1.880 - 1.900 |
Garnet |
| Diamond |
3.51 |
10 |
2.417 |
Diamond |
| Dravite |
3.03 - 3.25 |
7.0 - 7.5 |
1.610-1.661 |
Tourmaline |
| Emerald |
2.63 - 2.91 |
7.5 - 8.0 |
1.560 - 1.605 |
Beryl |
| Feldspar |
2.55 - 2.76 |
6.0 - 6.5 |
1.518 - 1.572 |
Feldspar |
| Fire Opal |
1.98 - 2.25 |
5.5 - 6.5 |
1.430 - 1.460 |
Opal |
| Garnet |
3.50 - 4.30 |
6.5 - 7.5 |
1.730 - 1.760 |
Garnet |
| Ghanospinel |
3.58 - 4.06 |
8 |
1.712 - 1.747 |
Spinel |
| Goshenite |
2.63 - 2.91 |
7.5 - 8.0 |
1.570 - 1.600 |
Beryl |
| Green Quartz |
2.65 |
7 |
1.540-1.550 |
Quartz |
| Grossular |
3.50 - 4.30 |
6.5 - 7.5 |
1.880 - 1.940 |
Garnet |
| Heliodore |
2.63 - 2.91 |
7.5 - 8.0 |
1.570 - 1.600 |
Beryl |
| Heliotrope |
2.65 |
7 |
1.535 - 1.539 |
Quartz |
| Hessonite |
3.50 - 4.30 |
6.5 - 7.5 |
1.730 - 1.760 |
Garnet |
| Hyacinth |
4.60 - 4.70 |
7.5 |
1.777 - 1.987 |
Zircon |
| Indicolite |
3.03 - 3.25 |
7.0 - 7.5 |
1.610 - 1.640 |
Tourmaline |
| Jade |
2.90 - 3.10 |
6 |
1.640 - 1.667 |
Jade |
| Jadeite |
2.90 - 3.10 |
6 |
1.640 - 1.667 |
Jade |
| Jargon |
4.60 - 4.70 |
7.5 |
1.777 - 1.987 |
Zircon |
| Jasper |
2.65 |
7 |
1.540 - 1.550 |
Quartz |
| Labradorite |
2.55 - 2.76 |
6.0 - 6.5 |
1.560 - 1.572 |
Feldspar |
| Lapis Lazuli |
2.70 - 2.90 |
5.0 - 5.5 |
1.500 - 1.550 |
Lapis Lazuli |
| Malaia |
3.50 - 4.30 |
6.5 - 7.5 |
1.880 - 1.940 |
Garnet |
| Matura Diamond |
4.60 - 4.70 |
7.5 |
1.777 - 1.987 |
Zircon |
| Moonstone |
2.55 - 2.76 |
6.0 - 6.5 |
1.518 - 1.526 |
Feldspar |
| Morganite |
2.63 - 2.91 |
7.5 - 8.0 |
1.585 - 1.594 |
Beryl |
| Morion |
2.65 |
7 |
1.540 - 1.550 |
Quartz |
| Nephrite |
2.90 - 3.10 |
6 |
1.600 - 1.641 |
Jade |
| Onyx |
2.65 |
7 |
1.531 - 1.539 |
Quartz |
| Opal |
1.98 - 2.25 |
5.5 - 6.5 |
1.440 - 1.460 |
Opal |
| Orthoclase |
2.55 - 2.76 |
6.0 - 6.5 |
1.518 - 1.526 |
Feldspar |
| Peridot |
3.22 - 3.45 |
7 |
1.635 - 1.690 |
Peridot |
| Peristerite |
2.55 - 2.76 |
6.0 - 6.5 |
1.560 - 1.572 |
Feldspar |
| Praziolite |
2.65 |
7 |
1.540 - 1.550 |
Quartz |
| Pyrope |
3.50 - 4.30 |
6.5 - 7.5 |
1.730 - 1.760 |
Garnet |
| Pyrope-Almandine |
3.50 - 4.30 |
6.5 - 7.5 |
1.730 - 1.760 |
Garnet |
| Pyrope-Spessartine |
3.50 - 4.30 |
6.5 - 7.5 |
1.730 - 1.760 |
Garnet |
| Quartz |
2.65 |
7 |
1.544 - 1.553 |
Quartz |
| Red Beryl |
2.63 - 2.91 |
7.5 - 8.0 |
1.570 - 1.598 |
Beryl |
| Rhodolite |
3.50 - 4.30 |
6.5 - 7.5 |
1.740 - 1.770 |
Garnet |
| Rock Crystal |
2.65 |
7 |
2 |
Quartz |
| Rose Quartz |
2.65 |
7 |
1.540 - 1.550 |
Quartz |
| Rubellite |
3.03 - 3.25 |
7.0 - 7.5 |
1.610 - 1.640 |
Tourmaline |
| Rubicelle |
3.58 - 4.06 |
8 |
1.712 - 1.717 |
Spinel |
| Ruby |
3.96 - 4.05 |
9 |
1.757 - 1.779 |
Corundum |
| Sapphire |
3.96 - 4.05 |
9 |
1.757 - 1.779 |
Corundum |
| Sapphire Spinel |
3.58 - 4.06 |
8 |
1.712 - 1.747 |
Spinel |
| Siberite |
3.03 - 3.25 |
7.0 - 7.5 |
1.625-1.675 |
Tourmaline |
| Smoky Quartz |
2.65 |
7 |
1.540 - 1.550 |
Quartz |
| Spessartine |
3.50 - 4.30 |
6.5 - 7.5 |
1.790 - 1.810 |
Garnet |
| Spinel |
3.58 - 4.06 |
8 |
1.712 - 1.717 |
Spinel |
| Sunstone |
2.55 - 2.76 |
6.0 - 6.5 |
1.560 - 1.572 |
Feldspar |
| Topaz |
3.50 - 3.60 |
8 |
1.607 - 1.627 |
Topaz |
| Topazolite |
3.50 - 4.30 |
6.5 - 7.5 |
1.880 - 1.940 |
Garnet |
| Tourmaline |
3.03 - 3.25 |
7.0 - 7.5 |
1.603 - 1.655 |
Tourmaline |
| Tsavorite |
3.50 - 4.30 |
6.5 - 7.5 |
1.739 - 1.744 |
Garnet |
| Turquoise |
2.60 - 2.80 |
5.0 - 6.0 |
1.610 - 1.650 |
Turquoise |
| Uvarovite |
3.50 - 4.30 |
6.5 - 7.5 |
1.740 - 1.870 |
Garnet |
| Verdilite |
3.03 - 3.25 |
7.0 - 7.5 |
1.612-1.638 |
Tourmaline |
| Water Opal |
1.98 - 2.25 |
5.5 - 6.5 |
1.440 - 1.460 |
Opal |
| White Opal |
1.98 - 2.25 |
5.5 - 6.5 |
1.440 - 1.460 |
Opal |
| Zircon |
4.60 - 4.70 |
7.5 |
1.777 - 1.987 |
Zircon |
|